@font-face{font-family:Inter Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/inter-cyrillic-ext-wght-normal.BOeWTOD4.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+460-52F,U+1C80-1C8A,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F}@font-face{font-family:Inter Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/inter-cyrillic-wght-normal.DqGufNeO.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+301,U+400-45F,U+490-491,U+4B0-4B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:Inter Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/inter-greek-ext-wght-normal.DlzME5K_.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+1F??}@font-face{font-family:Inter Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/inter-greek-wght-normal.CkhJZR-_.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+370-377,U+37A-37F,U+384-38A,U+38C,U+38E-3A1,U+3A3-3FF}@font-face{font-family:Inter Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/inter-vietnamese-wght-normal.CBcvBZtf.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Inter Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/inter-latin-ext-wght-normal.DO1Apj_S.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Inter Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/inter-latin-wght-normal.Dx4kXJAl.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:Noto Sans Thai Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/noto-sans-thai-thai-wght-normal.CtQSZ1tK.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+2D7,U+303,U+331,U+E01-E5B,U+200C-200D,U+25CC}@font-face{font-family:Noto Sans Thai Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/noto-sans-thai-latin-ext-wght-normal.DH1q_yQ5.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Noto Sans Thai Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/noto-sans-thai-latin-wght-normal.Bi3VDbYN.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}:root{--bg:#faf7f2;--surface:#fff;--surface-2:#f3eee6;--text:#1b1a17;--muted:#69625a;--border:#e8e1d6;--accent:#6e2a8c;--accent-ink:#5a2073;--accent-soft:#f1e7f5;--gold:#b8862f;--gold-soft:#f6ecd8;--gold-ink:#8f6620;--radius:1rem;--shadow:0 1px 2px #1b1a170a, 0 8px 24px -12px #1b1a172e;--maxw:72rem;--readw:44rem;--font:"Inter Variable", "Noto Sans Thai Variable", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;--font-thai:"Noto Sans Thai Variable", "Inter Variable", system-ui, sans-serif;color-scheme:light}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root{--bg:#12110f;--surface:#1c1a17;--surface-2:#24211d;--text:#efe9df;--muted:#a89f92;--border:#2f2b26;--accent:#c69ae0;--accent-ink:#dcbcef;--accent-soft:#261a2e;--gold:#d9ab52;--gold-soft:#2a2316;--gold-ink:#d9ab52;--shadow:0 1px 2px #0000004d, 0 10px 30px -14px #0009;color-scheme:dark}}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;scroll-behavior:smooth}body{background:var(--bg);color:var(--text);font-family:var(--font);font-feature-settings:"cv11", "ss01";-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;margin:0;font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.7}a{color:var(--accent);text-underline-offset:.18em;text-decoration-thickness:1px}img{max-width:100%;height:auto}h1,h2,h3{letter-spacing:-.02em;font-weight:750;line-height:1.2}.container{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 1rem}.thai,[lang=th]{font-family:var(--font-thai)}header.site{z-index:10;background:color-mix(in srgb, var(--bg) 94%, transparent);-webkit-backdrop-filter:saturate(1.4)blur(12px);border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:0}header.site .container{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:1rem;min-height:3.75rem;display:flex}.brand{color:var(--text);letter-spacing:-.02em;align-items:center;gap:.6rem;font-size:1.15rem;font-weight:800;text-decoration:none;display:flex}.brand img{border-radius:.5rem;width:2rem;height:2rem}.brand .name span{color:var(--accent)}nav.main{scrollbar-width:none;gap:.25rem;display:flex;overflow-x:auto}nav.main::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}nav.main a{color:var(--muted);white-space:nowrap;border-radius:999px;padding:.4rem .75rem;font-size:.9rem;font-weight:550;text-decoration:none}nav.main a:hover{color:var(--text);background:var(--surface-2)}nav.main a[aria-current=page]{color:var(--accent-ink);background:var(--accent-soft)}@media (width<=640px){header.site .container{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;gap:0;padding-block:.6rem .4rem}header.site{background:var(--bg)}nav.main{flex-wrap:wrap;margin-inline:-.75rem;padding-inline:.25rem;overflow:visible}nav.main a{padding:.25rem .6rem;font-size:.88rem;line-height:1.4}}main{padding-block:2rem 4rem}footer.site{border-top:1px solid var(--border);color:var(--muted);padding-block:2rem;font-size:.9rem}footer.site .container{flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;gap:.75rem 2rem;display:flex}footer.site nav{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.5rem 1.25rem;display:flex}footer.site a{color:var(--muted);text-decoration:none}footer.site a:hover{color:var(--accent)}.chip{background:var(--accent-soft);color:var(--accent-ink);letter-spacing:.01em;border-radius:999px;align-items:center;gap:.35rem;padding:.15rem .65rem;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:650;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.meta{color:var(--muted);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:.35rem .75rem;font-size:.875rem;display:flex}.eyebrow{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.12em;color:var(--gold-ink);margin:0 0 .5rem;font-size:.75rem;font-weight:700}.hero{align-items:center;gap:2rem;padding-block:1rem 2.5rem;display:grid}.hero h1{margin:0 0 1rem;font-size:clamp(2.2rem,5vw + 1rem,3.75rem)}.hero h1 .thai{color:var(--accent);letter-spacing:0;margin-bottom:.25rem;font-size:.55em;font-weight:600;display:block}.hero p{color:var(--muted);max-width:34rem;margin:0;font-size:1.15rem}@media (width>=900px){.hero{grid-template-columns:1fr 1.1fr;gap:3rem}}.section{margin-top:3.5rem}.section-head{justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:1rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;display:flex}.section-head h2{margin:0;font-size:1.6rem}.section-head a{white-space:nowrap;font-size:.95rem;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none}.cards{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(min(100%,19rem),1fr));gap:1.25rem;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.card{background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius);box-shadow:var(--shadow);flex-direction:column;transition:transform .2s,box-shadow .2s;display:flex;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.card:hover{transform:translateY(-3px)}.card .thumb{aspect-ratio:16/9;background:linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-soft), var(--surface-2));overflow:hidden}.card .thumb img{object-fit:cover;width:100%;height:100%;transition:transform .4s;display:block}.card:hover .thumb img{transform:scale(1.04)}.card .thumb-word{height:100%;color:var(--muted);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:.25rem;font-weight:600;display:flex}.card .thumb-word .thai{color:var(--accent);font-size:clamp(2rem,6vw,3.25rem);line-height:1.3}.card .thumb-word img{width:28%;height:auto}.card .body{flex-direction:column;flex:1;gap:.5rem;padding:1rem 1.15rem 1.25rem;display:flex}.card h3{margin:0;font-size:1.12rem}.card h3 a{color:var(--text);text-decoration:none}.card h3 a:after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0}.card .chip{z-index:1;position:relative}.card p{color:var(--muted);-webkit-line-clamp:3;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;margin:0;font-size:.95rem;line-height:1.55;display:-webkit-box;overflow:hidden}.card.featured{box-shadow:var(--shadow)}.card.featured h3{font-size:1.5rem}.card.featured .thumb{aspect-ratio:3/2}.words{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(min(100%,10rem),1fr));gap:.75rem;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.word{background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:.85rem;padding:.9rem 1rem;text-decoration:none;transition:border-color .2s,transform .2s;display:block}.word:hover{border-color:var(--accent);transform:translateY(-2px)}.word .th{font-family:var(--font-thai);color:var(--text);font-size:1.6rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;display:block}.word .tr{color:var(--accent);font-size:.9rem;font-style:italic;display:block}.topics{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(min(100%,15rem),1fr));gap:1rem;display:grid}.topic{color:var(--text);background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius);min-height:9rem;padding:1.25rem;text-decoration:none;transition:border-color .2s;display:block;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.topic:hover{border-color:var(--accent)}.topic strong{font-size:1.15rem;display:block}.topic span.desc{color:var(--muted);max-width:80%;margin-top:.35rem;font-size:.92rem;display:block}.topic .glyph{font-family:var(--font-thai);color:var(--accent);opacity:.12;font-size:3.6rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1;position:absolute;bottom:-.9rem;right:-.25rem}.topic .count{color:var(--muted);margin-top:.75rem;font-size:.8rem;display:block}.article-head{max-width:var(--readw);margin:0 auto}.article-head h1{margin:.75rem 0;font-size:clamp(1.9rem,3vw + 1rem,2.8rem)}.article-head .lede{color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 1rem;font-size:1.15rem}figure{margin:1.75rem 0}figure img,article.prose p>img{border-radius:.75rem;display:block}figcaption,article.prose img+em{color:var(--muted);margin-top:.5rem;font-size:.82rem;display:block}figcaption a{color:inherit}figure.feature{max-width:60rem;margin:1.5rem auto 2.5rem}figure.feature img{aspect-ratio:2;object-fit:cover;border-radius:var(--radius);width:100%;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}figure.feature figcaption{text-align:center}article.prose{max-width:var(--readw);margin:0 auto}article.prose h2{margin:2.5rem 0 .75rem;font-size:1.6rem}article.prose h3{margin:2rem 0 .5rem;font-size:1.25rem}article.prose hr{background:var(--border);border:0;height:1px;margin:2.5rem 0}article.prose ul,article.prose ol{padding-left:1.25rem}article.prose li{margin:.25rem 0}article.prose li::marker{color:var(--accent)}article.prose blockquote{border-left:3px solid var(--accent);background:var(--accent-soft);color:var(--text);border-radius:0 .75rem .75rem 0;margin:1.5rem 0;padding:.75rem 1.25rem}article.prose blockquote p{margin:.25rem 0}article.prose .table-wrap{background:linear-gradient(to right, var(--surface) 30%, transparent) left / 2rem 100% no-repeat local, linear-gradient(to left, var(--surface) 30%, transparent) right / 2rem 100% no-repeat local, radial-gradient(farthest-side at 0 50%, #0000002e, transparent) left / .75rem 100% no-repeat scroll, radial-gradient(farthest-side at 100% 50%, #0000002e, transparent) right / .75rem 100% no-repeat scroll;border-radius:.75rem;margin:1.5rem 0;overflow-x:auto}article.prose .table-wrap:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:2px}article.prose table{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:.75rem;min-width:100%;margin:0;font-size:.95rem}article.prose thead th{background:var(--surface-2);font-weight:650}article.prose th,article.prose td{text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);vertical-align:top;padding:.6rem .85rem}article.prose tbody tr:last-child td{border-bottom:0}article.prose code{background:var(--surface-2);border-radius:.3em;padding:.1em .35em;font-size:.9em}.notice{background:var(--accent-soft);border-left:3px solid var(--accent);border-radius:.5rem;padding:.75rem 1rem;font-size:.95rem}span.thai{white-space:nowrap}p.thai{margin:.5rem 0 1rem;font-size:2.25rem;line-height:1.4}.post-footer{max-width:var(--readw);border-top:1px solid var(--border);margin:3rem auto 0;padding-top:1.5rem}.pager{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:1rem;margin-top:1.5rem;display:grid}.pager a{background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--border);color:var(--text);border-radius:.85rem;padding:.9rem 1rem;font-size:.95rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.4;text-decoration:none;display:block}.pager a:hover{border-color:var(--accent)}.pager small{color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:.2rem;font-weight:500;display:block}.pager .next{text-align:right;grid-column:2}@media (width<=560px){.pager{grid-template-columns:1fr}.pager .next{grid-column:1}}.page-head{margin-bottom:2rem}.page-head h1{margin:0 0 .5rem;font-size:clamp(2rem,3vw + 1rem,2.8rem)}.page-head h1 .thai{color:var(--accent);margin-left:.4rem;font-size:.6em;font-weight:600}.page-head p{color:var(--muted);margin:0;font-size:1.1rem}.lotus-divider{color:var(--gold);align-items:center;gap:.9rem;display:flex}.lotus-divider:before,.lotus-divider:after{content:"";background:linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, var(--gold));opacity:.5;flex:1;height:1px}.lotus-divider:after{background:linear-gradient(90deg, var(--gold), transparent)}.lotus-divider img{width:44px;height:auto;display:block}header.site:after{content:"";background:linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent) 0 33.3%, var(--gold) 33.3% 66.6%, var(--accent) 66.6%);opacity:.85;height:3px;position:absolute;bottom:-1px;left:0;right:0}header.site{border-bottom:0}.hero .greeting{font-family:var(--font-thai);color:var(--gold-ink);align-items:center;gap:.6rem;margin:0 0 .5rem;font-size:1.1rem;font-weight:600;display:flex}.hero .greeting:before{content:"";background:url(/lotus.svg) 50%/contain no-repeat;width:34px;height:21px}.section-head h2 small{font-family:var(--font-thai);color:var(--gold-ink);letter-spacing:0;margin-bottom:.15rem;font-size:.85rem;font-weight:500;display:block}.topic{background:linear-gradient(160deg, var(--surface) 55%, var(--gold-soft))}.topic .glyph{color:var(--gold);opacity:.35}.word{border-top:3px solid var(--gold)}article.prose h2:before{content:"";opacity:.9;background:url(/lotus.svg) 0/contain no-repeat;width:30px;height:19px;margin-bottom:.5rem;display:block}footer.site{background:var(--surface-2);border-top:0}footer.site .lotus-divider{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:.9rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem}